This article is about John Deere, the person. For the company he founded, see Deere & Company. For the tractor, see List of John Deere tractors.
| John Deere | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | February 7, 1804 Rutland, Vermont |
| Died | May 17, 1886 (aged 82) Grand Detour, Illinois |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | inventor |
| Known for | Deere & Company |
| Spouse | Demarias Lamb Deere (Married on January 28, 1827, until Demarias' death in 1865) and Lucenia Lamb Deere (Demarias' sister, Married from 1867 until John's death in 1886) [1] |
| Children | Francis Albert (1828-1848), Jeanette (1830-1916), Ellen Sarah (1832-1897), Frances Alma (1834-1851), Charles (1836-1907), Emma Charlotte (1840-1911), Hiram Alvin (1842-1844), Alice Marie (1844-1900), Mary Frances (1851-1851) [1] |
John Deere (February 7, 1804 – May 17, 1886) was an American blacksmith and manufacturer who founded Deere & Company, one of the largest and leading agricultural and construction equipment manufacturers in the world. Born in Rutland, Vermont, Deere moved to Illinois and invented the first commercially successful steel plow in 1837.
This article is about John Deere, the person. For the company he founded, see Deere & Company. For the tractor, see List of John Deere tractors.
| John Deere | |
|---|---|
| |
| Born | February 7, 1804 Rutland, Vermont |
| Died | May 17, 1886 (aged 82) Grand Detour, Illinois |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | inventor |
| Known for | Deere & Company |
| Spouse | Demarias Lamb Deere (Married on January 28, 1827, until Demarias' death in 1865) and Lucenia Lamb Deere (Demarias' sister, Married from 1867 until John's death in 1886) [1] |
| Children | Francis Albert (1828-1848), Jeanette (1830-1916), Ellen Sarah (1832-1897), Frances Alma (1834-1851), Charles (1836-1907), Emma Charlotte (1840-1911), Hiram Alvin (1842-1844), Alice Marie (1844-1900), Mary Frances (1851-1851) [1] |
John Deere (February 7, 1804 – May 17, 1886) was an American blacksmith and manufacturer who founded Deere & Company, one of the largest and leading agricultural and construction equipment manufacturers in the world. Born in Rutland, Vermont, Deere moved to Illinois and invented the first commercially successful steel plow in 1837.
Deere settled in Grand Detour, Illinois. As there were no other blacksmiths in the area, he had no difficulty finding work. Growing up in his father’s Rutland, Vermont, tailor shop, Deere had polished and sharpened needles by running them through sand. This polishing helped the needles sew through soft leather.[6] Deere found that cast-iron plows were not working very well in the tough prairie soil of Illinois and remembered the polished needles.[6] Deere came to the conclusion that a plow made out of highly polished steel and a correctly shaped moldboard (the self-scouring steel plow) would be better able to handle the soil conditions of the prairie, especially its sticky clay.[7]
There are varying versions of the inspiration for Deere's famous steel plow. In another version he recalled the way the polished steel pitchfork tines moved through hay and soil and thought that same effect could be obtained for a plow.[4]
In 1843, Deere partnered with Leonard Andrus to produce more plows to keep up with demand. However, the partnership became strained due to the two men's stubbornness - while Deere wished to sell to customers outside Grand Detour, Andrus opposed a proposed railroad through Grand Detour - and Deere's distrust of Andrus' accounting practices.[8] In 1848, Deere dissolved the partnership with Andrus and moved to Moline, Illinois, because of the city's location on the Mississippi River, which helped make it a transportation hub.[citation needed] By 1855, Deere's factory sold more than 10,000 such plows. It became known as "The Plow that Broke the Plains" and is commemorated as such in a historic place marker in Vermont.
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